Thursday, March 13, 2014

Technology and Religion



The great thing about religion for most is the spiritual bond and community formed through tied to a specific practice. Without the spiritual faith in the validity of a said religion I believe everyone would remain secular. There is another side to the divineness and culture of worship and that other side is community.

Let’s take a deeper look into community. As mentioned before in one of my earlier blogs Robert Bellah claims that, “community is a cultural theme, which calls us to wider and wider circles of loyalty, ultimately embracing that universal community of all beings”. [1] Meaning ultimately the internet and the advancement of new technology should be a good thing for community within religion. Anyone can access the bible at any time without having to actually carry it around with them; they can attend online mass, meditation, or worship when they are not able to physically be present due to either geographical location or inability to appear. Sounds pretty good in the terms of “wider and wider circles of loyalty … embracing that universal community …”

Robert Bellah's, Habits of the Heart
On the other hand, is technology and this accessibility in fact doing the exact opposite in terms of dissolving the sense of communal worship. Associate professor of Christian spirituality and medieval history at the Franciscan School of Theology in California, Darleen Pryds says, “I am aware of mobile devices being integrated into religious services, but have found that most people tend to disengage from the experience of communal worship, and there is a nervous, excited energy that pervades the room and takes over,” which is the exact opposite mental state many religions aim to produce. [2] “Even the people who think they [are great multitaskers] aren't paying as much attention as they think they are. And how do you develop supplication when the very way you are communicating is so fragmented?” explains Dudley Rose, associate dean for ministry studies at Harvard University’s Divinity School.[3]

Fragmented communication?
In terms of Bellah I believe the advancement of technology and new media has created a sense of universal community, impossible in the past. People are able to do real time worship through watching live feed sermons, meditations, or pray with a live podcast from Mecca. However I believe there is something to be said about the spirituality communal worship brings the individual physically surrounded by their peers. When I was younger and went to church frequently, the one thing that kept me coming each Sunday was the divine interaction with the church itself as well as the congregation. When people broke out into unanimous psalm I was overcome by the beauty of it. This communal experience alone was the only thing keeping my faith alive in the hope of some sort of spiritual experience. 

Köpings Kyrka, the lutheran church from my youth in Sweden
Inside the church




[1]               Robert Neelly Bellah and others, Habits of the Heart, (California: University of California Press, 2008), xxxiv
[2] http://www.nbcnews.com/id/38126658/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/technology-changing-way-we-practice-religion/#.UyIQz_ldXwI
[3] http://www.nbcnews.com/id/38126658/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/technology-changing-way-we-practice-religion/#.UyIQz_ldXwI

Sunday, March 9, 2014

Mass Globalization of Information

“Accelerating a Vacuum” is a section from chapter four of Jaron Lanier’s book You are Not a Gadget, describing the effects progressing technology has on what he calls low and high bandwidth human expression. Low-bandwidth expression like newspaper-style reporting and music has already met the disastrous fate of “free culture”, whereas high-bandwidth expressions like movies are well on the way, argues Lanier.[1]

In the section “Accelerating a Vacuum” he makes strong claims how advertisement is killing the promotion of artists, journalists, and musicians by the manipulation of advertisement robbing the truth and beauty of these mentioned art forms.[2] As a counter I would like to claim instead that is because of the advancement of technology and mass globalization of information which is not actually killing these forms of art, just adding more competition in the various fields.

As a matter of fact we have citizen journalists who are able to report at anytime from anywhere, through new media devices, targeting an extreme mass of people online. This is thanks to new technology and I argue is not killing the art or beauty of journalism, instead mass promoting it and making the market more competitive.

An online sensation such as Justin Bieber, is a contest to the power of technology. Though controversial, Bieber is someone whom through promoting his talent with the use of new technology was able to reach success. The advancement of technology and “free culture” has allowed for the rise of this pop star I believe.

If we finally take a look at where the money is going as Lanier suggests, he is right, towards advertisement. However I do not agree with the reason being because of the demise of truth and beauty through the rise of manipulation. Once again I would cast my view on the mass globalization of information. We are advertising on a much broader platform in today’s world thanks to the advancement of technology. Therefore with the increase in size of the markets demand there must also be an increase in supply. Simple economics.






[1]               Jaron Lanier, You are Not a Gadget, Vintage Books Press, New York, New York. Press. page 76
[2] Page 83

Is the Internet Killing Journalism?

There has been a definite shift in all news media in past couple decades. Because of the way the internet is evolving and has evolved, written news media and television news seems to be dying out. Not only are these different types of media dying out, but also the professionals involved are losing their jobs and their professions as a whole are dying out. This all caused by so called “citizen journalists”, seemingly making the internet out to be a “bad guy”. But is it really? Or is the internet just revolutionizing media? Internet the way we see it today is definitely revolutionizing the world of news media.

In the past the way we used to get our news was through morning papers and/or through television. Even though the news might be same no matter what paper you read or channel you watch you still only get one news media outlet’s story. Now if you wanted more opinions or a different telling of the story you would either have to subscribe to more papers or order more news channels. What is revolutionary about the internet is that you have it all with just one click of your mouse. Video, text, pictures it is all available right on your computer screen. Not only do you have that but also you can easily go from one telling of the story to the next, by just clicking on a different site. This definitely puts any written or televised news to shame.

With the internet as well you get outside sources to tell the story other than just the huge news corporations. “Citizen Journalists” and other amateur writers who may have caught a different side of a particular story share it through blogs, social networks etcetera. This is a completely new way to get news and in this way we can read or hear about things that aren’t greatly emphasized by the big news corporations. A great example of this is in Clay Shirky’s book, Everyone is a Media Outlet. Senator Trent Lott holds a speech at former senator and presidential candidate Storm Thurman’s birthday celebration. Lott says, “When Strom Thurman ran for president, we voted for him. We’re proud of it. And if the rest of the country would have followed our lead, we wouldn’t have had all these problems over all these years, either.” Because the major news corporations didn’t feel like this was an important enough event to cover, they did not think it was important to report anything from the event. What was said in this speech though was leaked over the internet through blogs, and this ended up being pretty catastrophic for Lott.

With this type of news sharing there is a lot of doubt as to if the stuff we read can be accurate or not. It is, as Clay Shirky describes it, “mass amateurization” instead of professional journalism. Is this really a bad thing though? Even though professional journalists are checked and edited on what they write and say, it is still edited upon the opinions of the corporation. This may not always be accurate as well. The only difference between a “citizen journalist” and a professional journalist is education. This does not mean that people who tell us about a certain event, which do not have an education, are inaccurate.

Internet, “Mass amateurization”, and “citizen journalists” are what is revolutionizing the world of news media and will continue to do so for many years to come. Just like there was a shift from news media being delivered only through written newspapers and magazines to being able to get it on television, there is now a shift of all the above to the internet. Will the internet kill the profession of journalism? I do not believe so, instead it will broaden the profession to make it more global and intelligent

Friday, February 28, 2014

Does Friendship Have Limits?

This is a response to Friendship Has its Limits by Erin Biba. The article is about how our social interactions have changed and become more impersonal because of “friending” via Facebook and the internet. The studies that were mentioned in the article said it was not possible to maintain a relationship with more than 150 people at one time.[1] These studies had probably been conducted and proven upon a median or average. It is my belief this is wrong. I believe you can have over 150 close friends and that your friend-count on Facebook can in fact be accurate.

The average person gets up in the morning, eats breakfast, and goes to work. They will see their family, neighbors, and possibly a clerk or someone at a coffee shop on the way. At work they see the same co-workers, a lot of the time; same customers, and then leave for home. My point being, the routine of an average person is one of the reasons people become bored with their life or the continuity of things. If you were to now ask this person if they had 150 close friends, the answer would most probably be no. Does this person have a friend count of 150 or higher on Facebook? Probably, however that is only one person in an average survey.

Let’s take a look at a pro soccer player. My friend Emir Bajrami plays professional soccer in Europe and I’ve known him since I was a kid. His friend count is currently 3,428. Does he have 3,428 close friends he can call on a whim? I don’t think so. Does he however, have 150? I would most definitely have to say yes. People that do a lot of things, go to a lot of places tend to meet and start relationships with a lot more people, common sense. I myself have played hockey on five different teams in the last two and a half years. That alone is 125 teammates combined between the teams. Can I call anyone of these 125 guys up and have a heart to heart, or ask for a place to stay when I am in town? Absolutely yes! I spend every day for months with my teammates and develop a very close relationship with each and every one of them. That is an aspect that brings a team together. I would definitely consider all of these guys close friends of mine.

It is definitely true that I have a closer relationship with a few very close friends and do not talk to 150 friends everyday day. If that is what constitutes having a close friend then I can’t say I have any. There is a very large grey area as to what you can consider a close friend though. In the text Erin Biba says, “Your real friend would call you in tears to pick her up from a car accident”. Does this define who a close friend is? If so I definitely have over 150 close friends, and I am pretty sure there are more people out there that do as well.



To me a close friend is someone you feel very comfortable with and you always have a good time with this person. You can tell them anything without them judging you or ridiculing you, they are someone who will always have your back, and they can take your mind of stuff, and relax you. I would agree that not everyone has an accurate friend count on Facebook but that kind of is what Facebook is about too though, connecting with people from your past. It is possible to maintain a relationship with more than 150 people at once? Call me naive, but I believe one hundred percent yes! It is possible, and it is equally possible that someone’s friend count is true to the number.  





[1]               Erin Biba, Friendship Has its Limits,  http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/07/friendship_limits/, 2011

Generation Why!

After reading Zadie Smith’s, what seems to me, attack on everything Facebook I was very intrigued by one point she makes. “Shouldn’t we struggle against Facebook?”[1] is a question she poses near the end of the article.  Explaining how we are trapped in the world and mind of its creator Zuckerberg, mindlessly shifting our lives towards a virtual one by the hands of the  puppet master. She continues, “Yet what kind of living is this? Step back from your Facebook wall for a moment: Doesn’t it, suddenly, look a little ridiculous? Your life in this format?”[2] obviously I take a step back and consider it. However, what I find is not in concurrence with what Smith is saying; quite the contrary actually.

I believe Facebook does connect people in a fun, interesting, and self-gratifying way, yes, but more than just so. For those out there with less charismatic traits or cunning linguistic skills in person, I feel Facebook has created sort of an ice-breaker in the area of social interaction. Though perhaps face-to-face interaction has suffered somewhat as an effect of that, I would argue that Facebook is not solely to blame. As Smith argues her point of ways to reach out to people a far can happen by using other platforms such as e-mail and Skype,[3] I argue they are just as much to blame for our lives transcending into a virtual world as Facebook is. Also I would counter by saying, Facebook is more fun.   

I could care less about a film such as The Social Network in the way they portray Zuckerberg, accurately or inaccurately. If I wanted a more accurate picture of the man and what he has accomplished I would use the greatness of the internet. Be that as it may, I must say, that I am thoroughly impressed of how big Facebook is. The way in which a 19 year old was able to create such a massive online world, sustain it, and keep growing through entrepreneurial ventures (ex. WhatsApp); is truly an awe inspiring feat, worthy of all possible praise.





[1]               Zadie Smith, Generation Why?, The New York Re, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2010/nov/25/generation-why/?pagination=false, Online.
[2] Zadie Smith
[3] Zadie Smith

Friday, February 21, 2014

Before and After Google - Google as a Medium

These are some of the things that come to mind when I think about Google.

Journalism before Google
Journalism after Google
As a journalist there are countless times I need to do research before I interview someone, write a story, or report on an event. Back in the day, this used to happen through being there on the spot with various equipment or rigorous man-hours. Nowadays, with the complexity of Google, this is possible by sitting on my couch with a laptop in my lap or simply by carrying some new media device (such as Google Glass seen above). Some may say that happened when the internet and smart phones came around. I say it was when Google became my primary source for information.

Let me give you another example: A couple arguing about what the capital of Brazil perhaps? 

Bickering about unknown fact before Google
I told you so after Google
This was an argument that was skipped in 0.24 seconds thanks to Google. They were also able to find out that she wasn’t so far off in this case with her guess of Rio de Janeiro, considering it was the capital until 1960

How about that research paper? 

Searching for something before Google
Searching for something after Google
With the progress of Google I cannot even imagine the amount of time it must have taken to do a lengthy research paper for students merely 15 years ago. Though many are forced today to find sources strictly printed, these are typically scanned and available through searching on Google. Plus I do not know anyone today that wouldn’t do a little background research on Google before diving into that pile of books.  

Driving before Google Maps
Driving after Google Maps
Lastly, I love to travel. Since I was young I have been privileged enough to travel around a lot due to my mother’s occupation. Many times during these travels I have found myself lurking around foreign cities in search of unique experiences. Though my sense of direction is typically something I like to boast about, there have been times the city has taken me places far from my ground zero. In those trivial times I have found Google Maps to be my knight in shining armor, rescuing me from being consumed by the city. 

That is my Google. 


Saturday, February 15, 2014

Inside Google

One thing that struck me as very interesting in I’m Feeling Lucky, was the nonchalant attitude you sense from all the employees and founders in the startup stages of Google. When Douglas Edwards explains early on how Jay asks him to look at something, “ …standing in the micro-kitchen eating from a cup of yoghurt, barefoot and sporting pajama pants, a well-loved sweatshirt, and a graying ponytail”[1] and it turns out to be a miniature roller coaster that he had made over two sets of desks. It reminded me of this attitude that many of these Silicon Valley, startup guys have going as far back to the master of tech guys, Claude Shannon. Shannon, though revolutionary with creating coding, was always interested in the comedy within technology. It seems this is a common theme for many of these groundbreaking types.

Another interesting dynamic is how Google opposed to Apple is all about the, “Change, change, change. Charge ahead. No back”[2] as explained by Edwards. Though the Google products and software is not yet completely developed, their products are available; they are ever changing in different ways. Rarely is there a perfected Google product released on the market that isn’t altered down the road. Opposite compared to a company such as Apple.

The most characteristically interesting description I found from Edwards is about systems administrator, Jim Reese. “Something about him reminded me of Dustin Hoffman in Rain Man: the open and friendly attitude, hair parted way over on one side, the whiff of geekiness I detected as he crawled under my desk, whipped out a screwdriver and started adeptly fiddling with one of the jacks … it wasn’t what Jim had trained to do at Harvard, at Yale Medical School, or in his neurosurgery residency at Stanford, but somewhere along the line he had developed an interest in computer networking …”[3] even though this company is in the making, a general confidence that it will be successful and life changing is prominent. Many of the employees no matter what position have degrees from reputable institutions, and a sense of this “A-team” is assembled. It is an interesting perspective we receive from inside Google through Edwards’s eyes.





[1]               Douglas Edwards, I’m Feeling Lucky: The Confessions of Google Employee Number 59, (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011), Print. Page 15
[2] Page 17
[3] Page 17

Friday, January 31, 2014

Community Within Instagram

Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger were just regular Stanford graduates looking for success in the business world. Systrom majored in management science and engineering, while Krieger majored in symbolic systems with a concentration in human-computer interaction. Both had a passion for photography, but also both had this passion for social technology that connects people. Naturally they founded the company Instagram.
Instagram is one of the fastest growing social media apps. It has over 75 million customers worldwide in almost every country of the world. What is so special about Instagram? You are able to share your experiences and interests instantly to the world; instant photos and telegrams in one, hence the name Instagram. Photos are available for anyone (or those who you approve only) to view. This way you can appreciate Instagram by sharing your life’s endeavors, art, or passion for photography with the world by the touch of your finger. One thing Kevin and Mike may not have known was how the popularity of Instagram would create a sense of community between worldwide users.  

There are different ways in which Instagram promotes community. People all around the world share common interests such as, a celebrity they like, or a sports team they cheer for. In this sense Instagram has managed to form communities by luring people to like and comment on users in the app. For example NFL football team, the San Diego Chargers, have an Instagram page. Fans that want to see cool photos of the team and their whereabouts follow the account. Followers can then like photos, comment on them, or just simply admire them. A community is formed by similar interest of following the team. Thereafter many embark into “comment conversations”, that is, conversations that occur through comments on the photo. This gives us a sense of community through a shared interest.


Chargers Eric Weddle


A second way is through hashtags. When any user uploads a photo to Instagram they have the ability to add a caption giving a brief explanation behind the photo. In these captions it has become a common way of creating community by adding a hashtag. Thereafter clicking on the hashtag in the caption you are able to see all other photos which had the same hashtag. This draws a people together through a certain shared interest once again.

Lastly, Instagram draws us together through art. Photography is not just a way to freeze a moment in time for memory’s sake; it is also a large form of art. Many users on Instagram are able to share their art through the app. This is a very common way many artists have become successful in our generation, through new media. Robert Bellah explains in his book Habits of the Heart, that community is a cultural theme, which calls us to wider and wider circles of loyalty, ultimately embracing that universal community of all beings. [1] I believe Instagram does this with artists. A community is created worldwide through Instagram, which allows artists to form, share, and embrace art together in a way that used to be limitedly impossible.


Graffiti art on Instagram





[1]               Robert Neelly Bellah and others, Habits of the Heart, (California: University of California Press, 2008), xxxiv

The Hockey Community

Growing up with a father who was a professional athlete meant that I was put into athletics as soon as I could walk. My father, alumni of professional hockey, got me started in it pretty much from birth. When I was too little to skate we would play mini stick games in the house with a golf ball as puck, pillows belted to my legs as goalie pads, and a laundry hampers as goals. Those mini stick games transferred into 5 am practices, late nights in the driveway practicing my slap shot, and private skating lessons from a crazy Russian figure skating coach. Hockey was my father’s passion, passed on to me.

Fortunately hockey is still a sport I play today on an NCAA D-III level. When you speak with other hockey players at almost any level, they will probably have similar stories to tell about their childhood. Hockey is a sport many were raised with because the fundamentals of the game are so tough to learn, it almost requires being taught at a very young age. Therefore the hockey community is very small. It is common to see players through the ranks knowing and having played with individuals who have capitalized on the opportunity to turn pro. This unique tiny community is one of the things that sets aside hockey players from other athletes.

We are warriors on the ice, but gentlemen off of it. We stand on a piece of steel 1/8 of an inch thick, moving at speeds five times faster than running, whilst checking each other into the boards. We bleed, sweat, and struggle together just to kiss a piece of metal and raise it above our heads. We lose teeth, break bones, and put our face in front of a round 80 x 30 mm, piece of vulcanized rubber; going close to 100 mph.

Why?
Why do we do this? We do it for the guy sitting next to you in the locker room, who you know, will do the exact same for you; out of love, passion, and simply, because we are hockey players. 

Friday, January 24, 2014

LIfestyle Enclave and Junior Hockey

Back in 2009, I played junior hockey in Manitoba, Canada. Once a week on Thursdays our team would have chapel. Chapel consisted of a group of players getting together in the players’ lounge, eating pizza, and listening to the priest preach some sermons he had prepared for the day. Post preaching, all of us shared some stuff about ourselves and joined into conversation together with our teammates. At first I was obviously just there for my love of food, especially since it was pizza. As I attended chapel more regularly though, I began to enjoy these times spent together with my fellow teammates and our priest. I have never in my life been very faithful and religious, though I do not condemn those who are religious. I have always approached these belief systems with an open heart and mind. However, I have never bought into one religion as a follower.

While reading Habits of the Heart and the section we discussed in class about lifestyle enclave I realized the truth in these claims. We were a group of people who shared some form of private life. We were expressing our identity through shared patterns of appearance, consumption, and leisure activities.[1] I was picking up a “second language”, as Robert Bellah would perhaps claim. Although I never believed in the stories told by preachers, I began to understand the importance and impact they have on certain individuals. There I was in a group of men who fight, sweat, and bleed together every day in the purpose of overcoming a common enemy, in the search of glory and fame. At the same time there we were as a group of individuals, all with our own pasts brought together into one cohesive group, sharing a common lifestyle enclave.




[1]               Robert Neelly Bellah and others, Habits of the Heart, (California: University of California Press, 2008), 335 

Success with Steve Jobs

Success can mean different things for different individuals. For example, life success for a Muslim can be completing the pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca; or for an athlete, being drafted in the first round could mean the same. Individually we all measure success differently, this is one of the most important messages we can get out of Robert Bellah’s, Habits of the Heart.

The American view on success typically means materialistic gain. We are driven through capitalism and society to want millions of dollars, fancy cars, and a comfortable exquisite home. These are all things we are brought up to believe mean you are successful. Having the opportunity to grow up in two different societies, I was able to witness the differences in how success is measured between socialism and capitalism. In Sweden success is typically measured by ones ability to provide for your family and give back to society as a whole, in order to benefit the next generation. The fancy cars, homes, and monetary superiority are seldom measures of success in contrast to America. 


Watching Steve Jobs video interview on the rules for success, he speaks to us in the terms of gaining success through hard work in an area that you love and are passionate about. For long term sustainability, he explains, you must work hard and go through trivial times. However, the key to success in his mind is that you need to be passionate and love what you are doing. Bellah describes success between utilitarianism and expressive individualism, as a difference between being successful in the private or public arena. What I believe Jobs is trying to say is, if you are individually successful (private) and you are passionate about that success, you will ultimately be successful publicly.

The way in which Jobs pushes us to achieve the things we personally desire, without taking no for an answer, is extremely motivational. 

Sunday, January 19, 2014

The Whole Earth Catalog Today

Snippet from the 1968 issue of Whole Earth Catalog
Scrolling through the 1968 issue of the Whole Earth Catalog I was stopped abruptly by page 13 as I saw the title The Year 2000. Holy hell am I interested in examining what had to be said about the year 2000 in 1968. What were the expectations back then? Will there be spaceships instead of cars? Will robots control the world? Etcetera, some science fiction stuff you would indeed seem then, as farfetched as science fiction is today. Then again, maybe it wasn’t/isn’t as farfetched as we thought/think?

Closer examination into what description is given from The Year 2000 some of their points are accurate to the T, such as widespread “cybernation” and “small world”. [1] Others not so far off because of statistical predictions. The catalog reminded me of a website that was introduced to me recently which I found extremely interesting invoking my thoughts into future-theory.
Here's a screenshot from http://www.futuretimeline.net/ 

Tying these two works together would be an awesome research paper I’d be willing to read. Just how accurate are predictions were in the past, and possibly how truthful some of the theories on the website will turn out to be. Trippy! Check it out!


http://www.futuretimeline.net/


[1] Stewart Brand, The Whole Earth Catalog, http://www.wholeearth.com/issue-electronic-edition.php?iss=1010

Saturday, January 11, 2014

Inspirational Jobs

First off is his” idgaf” attitude towards everything. The greatest example I think of from Jobs’ biography is when he leaves Reed College, moves back home to Palo Alto and goes to get a job. Looking like a hippie, smelling terrible yet so determined that he was best for the job. His soon to be employer, Al Alcorn, was so intrigued he had no choice but to hire Jobs. “The squeaky wheel gets oil first” mentality that Jobs personifies himself as, along with his faith in the self, cocky, yet great in the business world is awesome. Best of all, Jobs knew that.

Secondly Jobs was always convinced he knew what people needed in terms of a product they sought to have. This in my opinion is the art of innovation and entrepreneurship. The determination and persistence to take any bump in the road, any opportunity given, any idea or path crossed and make it better tenfold, is truly the greatest feat of any entrepreneur in my mind, once again reiterating that Jobs even fought off death at one point.

Concluding with the way in which Jobs attracts our attention. Speaking in public Jobs has a charisma and demeanor about him, which draws your attention no matter how you personally feel about the man. He presents products, ideas, and himself in such a powerful way it is hard to resist giving into his pitch. His gleaming confidence and persuasive abilities are some of his most admirable traits.

Disagree after this video?


Friday, January 10, 2014

Commencement Speech - Steve Jobs


Steve Jobs’ commencement speech is extremely motivational in my mind. The trivial times he went through in order to get to where he was on that day, were crazy accomplishments. Jobs is very adamant about each individual finding themselves through trivial times and he makes it sound as if self-worship will lead us down a path of success. He continues to challenge us saying, ““Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did” inspiring us to keep towards the path of our dreams even in the adversity of physical hindrance.

 On a religious note, the speech feels as if Jobs is preaching to the graduates. For example the way his faith in his own ability has carried him through life, reminds me of this concept of the self. His determination in demanding more out ourselves is what makes his story so interesting and motivational to me. Seemingly Jobs alludes to the way people such as him (Wozniak, Gates, etc.) have made their own success was through self-worship.  Example is how Jobs refers to The Whole Earth Catalog as a bible to them at the time, as if they were starting a new religion or a new insight into life.

Jobs continues to lure the crowd along the path of self-enlightenment, with the death part of his speech. His near death experience is life changing in a way he explains affects his everyday attitude. He encourages us to pursue what we love in life without interference by anything other than your mind. “To allow yourself, your heart, and your intuition to guide you through moments of adversity, but to remain on course with your passion”, for it is that passion he means that will ultimately bring your life fulfillment.


Though there are many who claim Jobs was a real “a**hole”, arrogant, and egotistical, there is no one who can claim he didn’t change our world. I believe Jobs was just a realist, aware of his ability and power to change the world for the better. With a life philosophy like his, as well as the experiences and knowledge he gained throughout life. Jobs was able to turn thought into reality with the advancement of technology. Though some may argue he was in the right place at the right time and grew up with the rise of technology, he was nonetheless the one who followed his passion and made his success through hard work, innovation, and belief.